4 June 01, 2022
Articles
1. Gospodinov Slaveyko Gospodinov
Geoinformatics as a Science of Space
European Journal of Technology and Design. 2022. 10(1): 3-8.
Number of views: 116 Download in PDF
2. Maria Musa Mukaddas, Hassan Umar Mohammed, Ismaila Isah SuleimanEuropean Journal of Technology and Design. 2022. 10(1): 3-8.
Abstract:
The article explores geoinformatics taking into account its evolution. The article analyzes new tasks of geoinformatics. The article notes the trend in the development of the Earth sciences, which is the integration of different sciences in geoinformatics. The article analyzes the place of geoinformatics in geosciences and information sciences. The article explores the interaction of geoinformatics with other sciences. It is revealed that geoinformatics is a system of sciences. Geoinformatics connects two areas: information sciences; earth sciences. The construction of spatial models in geoinformatics has been studied. Geoinformatics is considered from different aspects. It is considered as a system that solves applied problems. It is considered as a system for obtaining knowledge and forming a picture of the world. The interaction of geoinformatics with different types of spaces has been studied. Geoinformatics interacts with different real spaces: outer space, ground space, near-Earth space, underground space. Geoinformatics interacts with different abstract spaces: logical space, topological space, geometric space, parametric space and cognitive space. It is shown that geoinformatics solves the problems of information processing and spatial analysis in any space. The analogy of the development of geodesy and geoinformatics is considered. Geoinformatics processes various spatial and information flows. The analysis allows us to conclude that modern geoinformatics is a science of space.
The article explores geoinformatics taking into account its evolution. The article analyzes new tasks of geoinformatics. The article notes the trend in the development of the Earth sciences, which is the integration of different sciences in geoinformatics. The article analyzes the place of geoinformatics in geosciences and information sciences. The article explores the interaction of geoinformatics with other sciences. It is revealed that geoinformatics is a system of sciences. Geoinformatics connects two areas: information sciences; earth sciences. The construction of spatial models in geoinformatics has been studied. Geoinformatics is considered from different aspects. It is considered as a system that solves applied problems. It is considered as a system for obtaining knowledge and forming a picture of the world. The interaction of geoinformatics with different types of spaces has been studied. Geoinformatics interacts with different real spaces: outer space, ground space, near-Earth space, underground space. Geoinformatics interacts with different abstract spaces: logical space, topological space, geometric space, parametric space and cognitive space. It is shown that geoinformatics solves the problems of information processing and spatial analysis in any space. The analogy of the development of geodesy and geoinformatics is considered. Geoinformatics processes various spatial and information flows. The analysis allows us to conclude that modern geoinformatics is a science of space.
Number of views: 116 Download in PDF
Effect of Bid Shopping on Public Building Project Delivery in Bauchi Metropolis
European Journal of Technology and Design. 2022. 10(1): 9-15.
Number of views: 79 Download in PDF
3. Maria Musa Mukaddas, Ismaila Isah Suleiman, Hassan Umar MohammedEuropean Journal of Technology and Design. 2022. 10(1): 9-15.
Abstract:
The menace of the unethical practice in which a contractor discloses the bid price of one contractor or subcontractor to another, in order to obtain a lower bid price, otherwise known as bid shopping has been a major bane of the construction industry. This blight is responsible for a myriad of problems for the industry. This study examines these practices and their effects on the public sector of the construction industry. Thirty-six (36) questionnaires were administered to experts in the area of construction to understand their perspectives on the anomaly and its effect on project delivery in Bauchi metropolis, Nigeria. Findings of the study showed that some that 25.0 % of the respondents were Architects, 36.1 % quantity surveyors, 22.2 % were builders, 11.1 % project managers and 5.6 % were structural engineers. The highest educational qualification of respondents in the quantity surveying profession observed were, 41.7% of the respondents had earned B.sc, 27.8 % had HND, and 8.3 % had PGD, while 22.2 %, had MSc. In terms of experience 47.2 % had 5-10 years of experience, 30.6 % had less than 5 years of experience, 19.4 % have 11-15 years of experience and 2.8 % have 16-20 years of experience. 36.1 % of the respondents were consultants, 38.9 % were contractors while 25.0% were clients. Findings further some of the techniques used for bid shopping include post-award bid shopping technique ranked first, pre-award bid shopping technique was ranked second and bidding via an electronic reverse auction technique was ranked third. Effect of bid shopping on project delivery shows that “Promotes lower work quality was ranked first, Delays project completion was ranked second, creates an adverse work environment was ranked third, Increased life costs on a project was ranked third and General inefficient prosecution of work was ranked fifth”. Possible implications of bid shopping indicates that vulnerability to frequent maintenance work was ranked first, High maintenance cost was ranked second, poor workmanship was ranked third, poor value for money was ranked forth, poor aesthetics value was ranked fifth and Collapse of buildings was ranked sixth. Penalties that should be taken against contractors who practice bid shopping, the respondents observed that imposing liquidated damages or fines was ranked first, disqualifying winning bidders who are immediately found guilty of bid shopping was ranked second, no any action was ranked third, suspension of licenses or permit was ranked fourth and eventual punishment by lack of competitive bidding was ranked fifth.
The menace of the unethical practice in which a contractor discloses the bid price of one contractor or subcontractor to another, in order to obtain a lower bid price, otherwise known as bid shopping has been a major bane of the construction industry. This blight is responsible for a myriad of problems for the industry. This study examines these practices and their effects on the public sector of the construction industry. Thirty-six (36) questionnaires were administered to experts in the area of construction to understand their perspectives on the anomaly and its effect on project delivery in Bauchi metropolis, Nigeria. Findings of the study showed that some that 25.0 % of the respondents were Architects, 36.1 % quantity surveyors, 22.2 % were builders, 11.1 % project managers and 5.6 % were structural engineers. The highest educational qualification of respondents in the quantity surveying profession observed were, 41.7% of the respondents had earned B.sc, 27.8 % had HND, and 8.3 % had PGD, while 22.2 %, had MSc. In terms of experience 47.2 % had 5-10 years of experience, 30.6 % had less than 5 years of experience, 19.4 % have 11-15 years of experience and 2.8 % have 16-20 years of experience. 36.1 % of the respondents were consultants, 38.9 % were contractors while 25.0% were clients. Findings further some of the techniques used for bid shopping include post-award bid shopping technique ranked first, pre-award bid shopping technique was ranked second and bidding via an electronic reverse auction technique was ranked third. Effect of bid shopping on project delivery shows that “Promotes lower work quality was ranked first, Delays project completion was ranked second, creates an adverse work environment was ranked third, Increased life costs on a project was ranked third and General inefficient prosecution of work was ranked fifth”. Possible implications of bid shopping indicates that vulnerability to frequent maintenance work was ranked first, High maintenance cost was ranked second, poor workmanship was ranked third, poor value for money was ranked forth, poor aesthetics value was ranked fifth and Collapse of buildings was ranked sixth. Penalties that should be taken against contractors who practice bid shopping, the respondents observed that imposing liquidated damages or fines was ranked first, disqualifying winning bidders who are immediately found guilty of bid shopping was ranked second, no any action was ranked third, suspension of licenses or permit was ranked fourth and eventual punishment by lack of competitive bidding was ranked fifth.
Number of views: 79 Download in PDF
Influences Upsetting Excellent Performance of Building Projects in North-Eastern Nigeria
European Journal of Technology and Design. 2022. 10(1): 16-21.
Number of views: 95 Download in PDF
4. Viktor Ya. TsvetkovEuropean Journal of Technology and Design. 2022. 10(1): 16-21.
Abstract:
This research focuses on appraising the excellent performance of building projects and in particularits importance especially in developing countries where building construction works are basically manual. The principal aim of this research is to identify the influences upsetting excellent performance of building projects, to evaluate the sternness indices of the factors, and to determine the relationship between the two and recommend measures to reduce its significance on project outcome. Fifty (50) questionnaires were administered to professional staff comprising of Architects, Quantity Surveyors, Builders, Project Managers and Structural Engineers engaged in building projects but only thirty-six (36) of them were returned.T-Test was used to compute factors for the analysis. The study identified: quality training/meeting, conformance to plan and specification, unavailability of competent staff, quality of equipment and raw materials, client interference, slow decision making by client, improper planning, shortage of labour and technical personnel, improper designing, inadequate contractor experience, poor site management and supervision, lack of coordination to solve problem, poor financial control on site, inadequate consultant experience, inadequate site investigation, and inadequacy of design and specification were identified as the factors that affected the quality of performance of building projects and related to clients, consultants and contractors. It is therefore recommended that policy makers, researchers and practitioners look at improving the human resource base through continuous professional and skill development. Again, monitoring systems should be improved at various district offices for the implementation of good construction procedure with the aim of ensuring quality practices. More importantly, design should be re-evaluated before the actual construction through pre-construction conference in order to do away with unnecessary design that will not ensure quality.
This research focuses on appraising the excellent performance of building projects and in particularits importance especially in developing countries where building construction works are basically manual. The principal aim of this research is to identify the influences upsetting excellent performance of building projects, to evaluate the sternness indices of the factors, and to determine the relationship between the two and recommend measures to reduce its significance on project outcome. Fifty (50) questionnaires were administered to professional staff comprising of Architects, Quantity Surveyors, Builders, Project Managers and Structural Engineers engaged in building projects but only thirty-six (36) of them were returned.T-Test was used to compute factors for the analysis. The study identified: quality training/meeting, conformance to plan and specification, unavailability of competent staff, quality of equipment and raw materials, client interference, slow decision making by client, improper planning, shortage of labour and technical personnel, improper designing, inadequate contractor experience, poor site management and supervision, lack of coordination to solve problem, poor financial control on site, inadequate consultant experience, inadequate site investigation, and inadequacy of design and specification were identified as the factors that affected the quality of performance of building projects and related to clients, consultants and contractors. It is therefore recommended that policy makers, researchers and practitioners look at improving the human resource base through continuous professional and skill development. Again, monitoring systems should be improved at various district offices for the implementation of good construction procedure with the aim of ensuring quality practices. More importantly, design should be re-evaluated before the actual construction through pre-construction conference in order to do away with unnecessary design that will not ensure quality.
Number of views: 95 Download in PDF
Information Morphism, Information Correspondence and Proportionality
European Journal of Technology and Design. 2022. 10(1): 22-29.
Number of views: 95 Download in PDF
5. European Journal of Technology and Design. 2022. 10(1): 22-29.
Abstract:
Abstract The article explores information morphism. Information morphism is considered as a generalization of information transformations with information sets. The article introduces the concepts of direct and inverse morphism. The article introduces the concepts of symmetric and asymmetric morphism. The article introduces the concepts of compositional and non-compositional morphism. The concepts introduced are illustrated by examples from photogrammetry and geoinformatics. Implication and morphism have the same arrow notation. The substantive difference between implication and morphism is shown. Information morphism is considered as categorical modeling. The content of categorical modeling is described. A morphological morphism is described. The semantic and morphological morphism is described. It is shown that the compositional morphism requires the fulfillment of the complementarity condition for the input sets. A symmetric morphism preserves information correspondence. Non-symmetric morphism provides only commensurability. To assess compliance, it is necessary to select a criterion or parameter of informational compliance. A comparative description of information compliance and proportionality is given. Information correspondence is a strict condition between sets. Proportionality is a mild condition between sets. Morphism is not only a generalization of the patterns of the information field, but a method of identifying patterns. Compositional morphism is an example of such a morphism. The use of morphism for metamodeling is noted. Information morphism generalizes information processes and allows their comparative analysis. Information morphism reveals latent factors and extracts implicit knowledge from them.
Abstract The article explores information morphism. Information morphism is considered as a generalization of information transformations with information sets. The article introduces the concepts of direct and inverse morphism. The article introduces the concepts of symmetric and asymmetric morphism. The article introduces the concepts of compositional and non-compositional morphism. The concepts introduced are illustrated by examples from photogrammetry and geoinformatics. Implication and morphism have the same arrow notation. The substantive difference between implication and morphism is shown. Information morphism is considered as categorical modeling. The content of categorical modeling is described. A morphological morphism is described. The semantic and morphological morphism is described. It is shown that the compositional morphism requires the fulfillment of the complementarity condition for the input sets. A symmetric morphism preserves information correspondence. Non-symmetric morphism provides only commensurability. To assess compliance, it is necessary to select a criterion or parameter of informational compliance. A comparative description of information compliance and proportionality is given. Information correspondence is a strict condition between sets. Proportionality is a mild condition between sets. Morphism is not only a generalization of the patterns of the information field, but a method of identifying patterns. Compositional morphism is an example of such a morphism. The use of morphism for metamodeling is noted. Information morphism generalizes information processes and allows their comparative analysis. Information morphism reveals latent factors and extracts implicit knowledge from them.
Number of views: 95 Download in PDF